NOAA Criteria Suggest Full-Fledged La Niña Unlikely in 2024 – Even A Single La Niña Threshold Unlikely During the Indian Southwest Monsoon

NOAA Criteria Suggest Full-Fledged La Niña Unlikely in 2024 – Even A Single La Niña Threshold Unlikely During the Indian Southwest Monsoon

NOAA માપદંડ મુજબ 2024 માં સંપૂર્ણ લા નીના અસંભવિત છે – તેમજ ભારતીય દક્ષિણ પશ્ચિમ ચોમાસા દરમિયાન લા નીના થ્રેશ હોલ્ડ ની શક્યતા નથી

 

Enso Status on 8th August 2024

Ashok Patel’s Analysis & Commentary:

ONI Data has been obtained from CPC – NWS – NOAA available here

The current data indicates that the Second ENSO Neutral thresh hold has been established at the end of July 2024, thereby Enso Neutral conditions continues. The ONI has dropped to +0.2°C for MJJ2024 season. Nino3.4 SST for June 2024 is 0.18°C and for July 2024 is 0.10°C and so for ONI of JJA2024, the combined total of three months Nino3.4 SST for June, July & August 2024 should at least go down to -1.36°C, so as to get ONI for JJA2024 as -0.5°C by rounding to one decimal. Since Nino3.4 SST for June is 0.18°C and July is 0.10°C, it would mean that the Nino3.4 SST for August should theoretically go down to -1.64°C, so that the three months total reaches -1.36°C to make JJA2024 ONI -0.5°C to achieve La Nina thresh hold. Observing the Weekly Nino3.4 data, it is highly unlikely that Nino3.4 SST for August 2024 can go down to -1.64°C. Hence, ENSO Neutral condition is expected to continue for JJA2024 season.

Concluding from the above analysis, Enso Neutral conditions will prevail for JJA2024 and at the end of August, since only four months will be left in the current year 2024 full-fledged La Nina cannot be established, even if La Nina thresh hold is achieved in any of the four months remaining.

First conclusion is that La Nina thresh hold will not be achieved during the Indian Southwest Monsoon and Second conclusion is that a Full Fledged La Nina will not materialize during 2024, using the NOAA criteria.

The second conclusion as discussed is that since a La Nina thresh hold for JJA2024 is not going to be achieved, the earliest La Nina thresh hold if at all it can be achieved is JAS2024, which is when the Indian Summer Monsoon ends.

08મી ઓગસ્ટ 2024ના રોજ Enso સ્ટેટસ

અશોક પટેલનું વિશ્લેષણ અને કોમેન્ટરી:

વર્તમાન ડેટા સૂચવે છે કે જુલાઇ 2024ના અંતમાં બીજી ENSO ન્યુટ્રલ થ્રેશ હોલ્ડની પ્રસ્થાપિત થયો જે સૂચવે છે કે Enso ન્યુટ્રલ સ્થિતિ ચાલુ રહી છે. MJJ2024 સીઝન માટે ONI +0.2°C સુધી ઘટી ગયું છે. જૂન 2024 માટે Nino3.4 SST 0.18°C છે અને જુલાઈ 2024 માટે Nino3.4 SST 0.10°C છે એટલે ત્રણ મહિના જૂન, જુલાઈ અને ઑગસ્ટ 2024 નું Nino3.4 SST કુલ મળીને ઓછામાં ઓછો -1.36°C સુધી નીચે જાય તો JJA નું ONI -0.5°C થઇ શકે (એક દશાંશ સુધી રાઉન્ડ કરીને). જૂન માટે Nino3.4 SST 0.18°C છે અને જુલાઈ 0.10°C છે, તેનો અર્થ એવો થશે કે ઑગસ્ટ માટે Nino3.4 SST સૈદ્ધાંતિક રીતે -1.64°C સુધી નીચે જવો જોઈએ, જેથી ત્રણ મહિના જૂન, જુલાઈ અને ઑગસ્ટ 2024 નું Nino3.4 SST કુલ મળીને -1.36°C સુધી પહોંચે જેથી ONI -0.5°C થાય અને લા નીના થ્રેશ હોલ્ડ સ્થાપિત થાય. સાપ્તાહિક Nino3.4 ડેટાનું અવલોકન કરતાં, તે ખૂબ જ અસંભવિત છે કે Nino3.4 SST -1.64°C સુધી નીચે જાય. JJA2024 સીઝન માટે ENSO neutral સ્થિતિ ચાલુ રહેવાની અપેક્ષા છે.

ઉપરોક્ત વિશ્લેષણના નિષ્કર્ષ પર, JJA2024 માટે Enso ન્યુટ્રલ કંડિશન રહેશે ​​અને તેથી ચાલુ વર્ષ 2024 માં માત્ર ચાર મહિના બાકી રહેશે, તેમજ જો બાકીના ચાર મહિનામાં ગમે ત્યારે લા નીના થ્રેશ હોલ્ડ હાંસલ કરવામાં આવશે તો પણ 5 મહિના ના પુરા સમય ના અભાવે 2024 ના વર્ષ માં સંપૂર્ણ લા નીના સ્થાપિત નહિ થાય.

પ્રથમ નિષ્કર્ષ એ છે કે ભારતીય દક્ષિણપશ્ચિમ ચોમાસા દરમિયાન લા નીના થ્રેશ હોલ્ડ પ્રાપ્ત થશે નહીં અને બીજું નિષ્કર્ષ એ છે કે NOAA માપદંડનો ઉપયોગ કરીને 2024 દરમિયાન પૂર્ણ સુવિધાયુક્ત લા નીના સાકાર થશે નહીં.

બીજો નિષ્કર્ષ એ છે કે ચર્ચા મુજબ, JJA લા નીના થ્રેશ હોલ્ડ હાંસલ કરવું અશક્ય છે. વહેલા માં વહેલું લા નીના થ્રેશ હોલ્ડ JAS 2024 માં હાંસલ થાય ( 30 મી સપ્ટેમ્બર 2024) તો પણ ત્યારે ભારતીય દક્ષિણ પશ્ચિમ ચોમાસું સમાપ્ત થઇ ગયું હોય.

How ONI is determined:

The ONI is based on SST departures from average in the Niño 3.4 region, and is a principal measure for monitoring, assessing, and predicting ENSO. Defined as the three-month running-mean SST departures in the Niño 3.4 region. Departures are based on a set of further improved homogeneous historical SST analyses (Extended Reconstructed SST – ERSST.v5).

NOAA Operational Definitions for El Niño and La Niña, El Niño: characterized by a positive ONI greater than or equal to +0.5ºC. La Niña: characterized by a negative ONI less than or equal to -0.5ºC. By historical standards, to be classified as a full-fledged El Niño or La Niña episode, these thresholds must be exceeded for a period of at least 5 consecutive overlapping 3-month seasons.

CPC considers El Niño or La Niña conditions to occur when the monthly Niño3.4 OISST departures meet or exceed +/- 0.5ºC along with consistent atmospheric features. These anomalies must also be forecast to persist for 3 consecutive months.

The Climate Prediction Center (CPC) is a United States Federal Agency that is one of the NECP, which are a part of the NOAA

Latest Oceanic Nino Index Graph Shows Enso Neutral
Conditions Prevail  At The End Of July 2024

 

 

The Table below shows the monthly SST of Nino3.4 Region and the Climate adjusted normal SST and SST anomaly from February 2023. Climate Base 1991-2020. ERSST.v5

Period    Nino3.4 ClimAdjust
YR   MON  Temp.ºC Temp.ºC ANOM ºC


2023   2   26.30   26.76   -0.46
2023   3   27.19   27.29   -0.11
2023   4   27.96   27.83    0.14
2023   5   28.40   27.94    0.46
2023   6   28.57   27.73    0.84
2023   7   28.31   27.29    1.02
2023   8   28.21   26.86    1.35
2023   9   28.32   26.72    1.60
2023  10   28.44   26.72    1.72
2023  11   28.72   26.70    2.02
2023  12   28.63   26.60    2.02
2024   1   28.37   26.55    1.82
2024   2   28.28   26.76    1.52
2024   3   28.42   27.29    1.12
2024   4   28.60   27.83    0.78
2024   5   28.17   27.94    0.24
2024   6   27.91   27.73    0.18
2024   7   27.39   27.29    0.10

Indications and analysis of various International Weather/Climate agencies monitoring Enso conditions is depicted hereunder:

Summary by: Climate Prediction Center / NCEP  Dated 8th August 2024

ENSO Alert System Status: La Niña Watch

Synopsis: ENSO-neutral is expected to continue for the next several months, with La Niña
favored to emerge during September-November (66% chance) and persist through the
Northern Hemisphere winter 2024-25 (74% chance during November-January).

Note: Statements are updated once a month (2nd Thursday of each month) in association with the ENSO Diagnostics Discussion, which can be found by clicking here

Recent (preliminary) Southern Oscillation Index values as per The Long Paddock – Queensland Government.

30 Days average SOI was -5.83 at the end of July 2024 and was -8.85 on 6th August 2024 as per The Long Paddock – Queensland Government and 90 Days average SOI was -3.06 on 6th August 2024.

 

 

As per BOM – Australia 6th August 2024

ENSO is neutral; a possibility of La Niña development during spring (Southern Hemisphere)

The ENSO Outlook is currently at La Niña Watch, meaning there are some signs that a La Niña may form in the Pacific Ocean later in 2024. A La Niña Watch does not guarantee that a La Niña will develop. The La Niña Watch is based on climate model forecasts and current atmospheric and oceanic conditions in the Pacific. Atmospheric and oceanic indicators are currently within ENSO-neutral thresh holds. While ENSO is likely to remain neutral until at least early spring. From October, 3 of 7 climate models suggest the possibility of SSTs cooling to the La Niña threshold (below −0.8 °C). The remaining models suggest a continuation of ENSO-neutral conditions throughout the forecast period.

Note: All Seasons mentioned by BOM are with respect to Southern Hemisphere.

 

Forecast In Akila Daily Dated 8th August 2024

Forecast In Sanj Samachar Daily Dated 8th August 2024

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